Counterfeit Nvidia GPUs Masquerade as RTX 4090 in China

Recent reports indicate that counterfeit models of the GeForce RTX 4090 have emerged in China, closely resembling genuine manufacturer cards, such as the Palit GeForce RTX 4090 Gamerock. Even upon disassembly, these fakes initially appear legitimate, with printed circuit boards (PCBs) matching those of the RTX 4000 series. However, a closer inspection of the graphics chips reveals the sophistication of these counterfeits.

Videos shared on the Chinese platform Bilibili demonstrate the disassembly of these graphics cards. The findings suggest that the soldered graphics chips are likely GA102 GPUs from the GeForce RTX 3090 Ti, RTX 3090, or RTX 3080 Ti models. Alarmingly, the chips have been superficially ground down and re-engraved to misrepresent them as AD102 GPUs. The size similarity between the RTX 3000 series high-end models and the RTX 4090 makes this deception possible, although there are distinct differences in the surrounding surface-mounted device (SMD) components.

In two documented instances, the counterfeit graphics cards ceased to function. It remains uncertain whether operational versions are in circulation or if the counterfeiters can manipulate tools like GPU-Z to provide misleading information. BIOS modifications appear to be easily accomplished in China, as evidenced by reports of RTX 4090(D) graphics cards boasting double the standard memory capacity.

The complexity involved in creating these counterfeit RTX 4090 graphics cards suggests a large-scale operation, as it is unlikely that such effort would be devoted to producing only a few models. It is conceivable that the cooling systems and PCBs used in these counterfeits are authentic. In late 2023, images circulated showing how many RTX 4090 graphics cards were disassembled in China for resale in servers, leading to the removal of graphics chips and memory chips, which were then mounted onto new PCBs. This left behind original PCBs and cooling systems, potentially providing counterfeiters with the necessary components to construct their fake cards without needing to replicate packaging or branding.

This situation underscores the growing issue of counterfeit electronics in the market, posing risks to consumers who may unknowingly purchase these fake products. The implications for performance and reliability are significant, as these counterfeit GPUs may not deliver the expected capabilities and could result in financial losses for buyers. Consumers are advised to exercise caution and verify the authenticity of graphics cards before making purchases, especially from less reputable sources.