Increase in Mpox Cases Observed, Experts Remain Calm

Recent weeks have seen a rise in Mpox infections across Germany, prompting health experts to monitor the situation closely while maintaining a calm perspective. The Robert Koch Institute (RKI) has reported an uptick in cases but does not consider it alarming.

Klaus Jansen, an infection expert at RKI, indicated that the current situation is not unexpected, especially when compared to the significant outbreak in 2022. As of May 12, 2025, there have been 232 reported cases of Mpox this year, which is approaching the total of 275 cases recorded in 2024. However, these numbers remain significantly lower than the 3,672 cases reported during the peak of the 2022 outbreak.

Mpox, primarily transmitted through close physical contact during sexual activities, manifests through symptoms including skin rashes, fever, and muscle aches. Vaccination against Mpox is recommended for specific high-risk groups in Germany, particularly men who engage in sexual relations with multiple partners. The vaccination regimen consists of two doses to achieve basic immunity.

Jansen explained that fluctuations in infection rates, such as those observed in recent months, are typical. The virus can circulate within sexual networks, particularly where immunity levels are lower, leading to occasional spikes in infections followed by declines. Consequently, vaccination remains a crucial preventive measure in controlling the spread.

Currently, the RKI has not identified any signs of Mpox spreading beyond the established risk groups. Instances of infection in women or children remain exceedingly rare, with most reported cases being secondary infections within confined social circles or family settings. There is also no discernible increase in cases among travelers returning from affected regions.

However, health officials are vigilant about the upcoming festival season, which could potentially pose a risk for further transmission. Despite this concern, past events, such as the Christopher Street Day festival, did not show a significant rise in Mpox infections.

The Mpox virus is endemic to West and Central Africa and belongs to the same family as the smallpox virus, which historically caused severe illness and high mortality rates. Global vaccination campaigns have effectively eradicated smallpox since 1980, and the vaccines used for that disease also offer protection against Mpox.