Understanding Obesity: Beyond Discipline

Individuals facing severe obesity often experience significant psychological distress, exacerbated by societal prejudices and stigmatization. For many, the desire to blend into the background becomes a coping mechanism against the judgment they face in everyday environments, such as clothing stores or gyms. Obesity, defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, has been recognized as a medical condition in Germany since 2020. This serious health issue not only increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases but also adversely affects joint health and mental well-being.

Dr. Kyriakoula Manaridou, a recognized authority in the field, serves as the Chief Physician at the Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic of the Ameos Hospital St. Josef in Oberhausen. She combines her professional expertise with personal experience, having navigated her own struggles with obesity. In her discussions, she emphasizes that a lack of willpower is frequently misidentified as the root cause of obesity. Instead, she argues that it is crucial to acknowledge obesity as a complex disease influenced by various factors.

One prevalent misconception surrounding obesity is the belief that individuals are solely responsible for their condition. Many people presume that simply eating less would solve the problem. However, factors such as medications, including corticosteroids and psychotropic drugs, can contribute to significant weight gain. Additionally, conditions like diabetes often coexist with obesity, and mental health disorders such as depression can lead to weight increases as well. Disordered eating behaviors typically stem from early life experiences and inadequate nutritional education.

Financial constraints also play a critical role, as healthy food options, like fruits and vegetables, can be prohibitively expensive, while carbohydrate-rich foods tend to be more affordable. Moreover, societal norms often reinforce unhealthy eating habits by associating food with rewards, leading to a cycle of indulgence in unhealthy choices.

The daily lives of individuals with obesity are frequently marked by negative experiences. Many report mustering courage to join a gym, only to encounter derisive looks and comments that discourage them from returning. Swimming, a beneficial activity for those with obesity due to its low-impact nature, can also become a source of anxiety, further alienating individuals seeking to improve their physical health.

Such stigmatization can have dire consequences for mental health, instilling feelings of guilt and shame in those affected. This can create a vicious cycle, particularly when support from friends and family is lacking. Individuals may withdraw from social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation, diminished self-worth, and even severe depression with suicidal thoughts.

Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach, encompassing both medical and psychological support. Unfortunately, there are insufficient resources available for those struggling with this condition. Nutritional counseling is often only partially covered by health insurance, and access to behavioral therapy can entail long waiting periods. While bariatric surgery offers a surgical solution for morbid obesity, it necessitates a thorough psychological evaluation to rule out underlying mental health conditions.

Long-term weight management necessitates a fundamental change in eating habits, a process that cannot be accomplished overnight. With an individual consuming an average of 1,000 meals per year, ingrained habits can take years to alter. Progress typically requires gradual adjustments rather than drastic changes.

Support from family and friends is essential in this journey. Understanding the challenges faced by those trying to lose weight can foster a supportive environment. Many patients express frustration when their partners or children do not align with their dietary changes, complicating their efforts. Social gatherings should also consider the dietary needs of individuals attempting to change their eating habits, as providing healthier options can facilitate their progress. Encouragement to engage in physical activities together can signal solidarity and support, helping individuals feel less isolated in their journey toward better health.