UK's Centre-Left Migration Policy Under New Labour Government
During the tenure of the Conservative government in the United Kingdom, halting illegal crossings via small boats was a primary objective of then-Prime Minister Rishi Sunak. With the Labour Party taking over governance in London since early July, there has been a noticeable shift in the approach to migration policy. This change is encapsulated in six key milestones presented by Labour leader Keir Starmer, outlining his vision for future governance, which focuses on enhancing living standards, increasing housing availability, and reforming the healthcare system, while notably omitting any specific mention of migration.
Starmer aims to soften the long-standing Tory narrative surrounding refugees, avoiding the presentation of migration as a fundamental issue for the nation. He refrains from establishing concrete numerical targets, citing them as unrealistic. Although he frequently refers to the need for "safe borders," he is cautious not to frame refugees as a core threat to national welfare. Shortly after taking office, Starmer scrapped the controversial plan to deport some illegal migrants to Rwanda, opting instead for greater collaboration with European neighbors.
On a recent Tuesday, Home Secretary Yvette Cooper hosted her counterparts from the 'Calais Group'--a coalition comprising Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK--to discuss migration policy. During this meeting, Cooper and her German counterpart Nancy Faeser agreed to strengthen bilateral cooperation. They focused on addressing legislative gaps that could be viewed as problematic or, conversely, as relatively insignificant, depending on one's perspective.
Formally, the act of smuggling refugees from the EU into third countries is not illegal; however, there were few notable instances of this occurring before the UK's exit from the EU. Since Brexit took effect in early 2021, the UK has been classified as a third country, meaning that individuals illegally transporting people from Germany to the UK do not technically violate German law. Yet, as explained by German Ambassador Miguel Berger in a BBC interview, these routes typically transit through Belgium, France, or the Netherlands--EU nations--making the act illegal from that standpoint.
Tragically, over 70 refugees have drowned off the British coast this year alone while attempting to navigate perilous waters in the English Channel. In response to inquiries regarding potential tightening of German laws, Interior Minister Nancy Faeser noted that Germany has already enacted stricter regulations in the past, including raising penalties. She mentioned that any further measures are currently under consideration, particularly with Germany facing elections in February, which may lead to changes in the leadership of the Interior Ministry.
In addition to the agreement between Germany and the UK, the Calais Group outlined an action plan with five key priorities aimed at combating organized crime associated with human trafficking. Faeser described these trafficking activities as "despicable" and emphasized the need for improved communication among affected nations in the Balkans, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, alongside enhanced coordination of law enforcement efforts through Europol. Initiatives to track down traffickers on social media platforms and facilitate better data sharing were also part of the plan.
Human trafficking has been a persistent concern for both the UK and the EU, with Cooper stating that the current situation is untenable. The ongoing crisis has resulted in numerous fatalities at sea, underscoring the urgency of addressing this complex issue. Cooper, regarded as a hardliner within her party, is politically positioned closer to the center than the left wing. However, she faces challenges similar to those of her leader, Starmer, in communicating effectively with the electorate, as terms like "agreement," "action plan," and "cooperation initiatives" often fail to resonate.
The electoral system in the UK has thus far prevented a shift towards the right, with Starmer's Labour Party currently holding 402 of the 650 seats in the House of Commons. At present, no other major European country boasts such stable political dynamics.
Whether this stability is maintained will likely depend on how the refugee debate unfolds and the solutions the new government proposes. The Labour administration under Starmer is navigating a complex landscape, striving to establish a viable centre-left migration policy that does not alienate voters and drive them towards right-wing alternatives.
Starmer's measured, calm approach resembles an unclear mixture in a test tube, leaving observers uncertain whether it will lead to explosive outcomes or beneficial results. The Labour government has not distinguished itself through clear communication in its initial six months, prompting Starmer to reorganize his core team in Downing Street. A recent incident regarding the drafting of the six milestone plan highlighted challenges in communication, as a newspaper reported that the plan was conceived in a casual setting, which was later clarified by a Labour spokesperson.
