Astronomers Warn of Light Pollution Threatening Chile's Telescopes

A proposed industrial facility near the Paranal Observatory in Chile's Atacama Desert poses a significant threat to astronomical research. The planned project, named Inna, could increase light pollution above the Very Large Telescope by at least 35% and by more than 50% at the southern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, according to a technical analysis conducted by the European Southern Observatory (ESO).

Light pollution is a critical concern for astronomers, as it diminishes the visibility of celestial bodies and can severely hinder the detection of Earth-like exoplanets, faint galaxies, and potentially hazardous asteroids. An ESO representative in Chile emphasized that a brighter sky limits their ability to explore and understand the universe.

The Inna facility is intended for the production of green hydrogen and ammonia. However, the ESO anticipates that the U.S. energy provider, AES, will install at least 1,000 light sources within the complex. The increased artificial lighting and the associated air turbulence and vibrations may also adversely affect several astronomical installations, including the under-construction Extremely Large Telescope.

The ESO strongly advocates for the preservation of dark skies for astronomical observations, arguing that Chile does not have to choose between developing world-class astronomical observatories and pursuing green energy initiatives. The organization believes that both goals can coexist harmoniously if sufficient distance is maintained between the observatories and industrial operations.

As the debate over the site's future continues, astronomers and environmentalists alike are calling for careful consideration of how industrial development impacts one of the best locations on Earth for astronomical observations. The ESO's position reflects a broader commitment to balancing scientific advancement with sustainable energy practices.