Health Authorities Issue Caution on Garcinia cambogia in France

The fruit Garcinia gummi-gutta, commonly referred to as Garcinia cambogia, contains a high concentration of hydroxycitric acid (HCA). Recent incidents have raised alarms regarding its safety, particularly following a case of acute hepatitis resulting in death linked to the consumption of Garcinia cambogia. This prompted the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) to conduct a comprehensive review.

Between 2009 and March 2024, France reported 38 cases associated with Garcinia cambogia, ranging from acute hepatitis and pancreatitis to cardiovascular and neurological symptoms, and even rhabdomyolysis. Many individuals who were previously healthy have experienced severe health complications, according to ANSES. Furthermore, reports of drug interactions, including adverse effects with antidepressants and antiretroviral therapies, have emerged, suggesting that these interactions may enhance side effects or diminish the effectiveness of these medications.

Scientifically, Garcinia gummi-gutta refers to the Malabar tamarind tree, primarily found in India and Southeast Asia. The fruit is traditionally used in folk medicine as a tea to alleviate inflammation and digestive issues. Its rind is also used as a food preservative. Hydroxycitric acid, found in the rind, is often marketed for its purported weight loss benefits. However, evidence supporting significant weight loss effects remains inconclusive, and the potential health risks associated with its consumption are increasingly being questioned.

ANSES has announced that the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is currently evaluating the risks associated with HCA consumption. This assessment could potentially lead to restrictions or a ban on this substance and herbal products containing it, including Garcinia cambogia.

Two years ago, EFSA initiated a Europe-wide 'Call for Data' to assess the safety of hydroxycitric acid and related herbal preparations. In June 2025, a working group meeting took place, discussing findings from animal studies regarding toxicity, as well as human case reports and studies. The timeline for the final EFSA report has not been disclosed, but some sources suggest it may be released in September.