In a significant development for international relations, Germany and the United Kingdom have formalized their diplomatic ties with a comprehensive friendship agreement, five years after the UK's departure from the European Union. The agreement was signed by German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer during a ceremonial event held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.

This 27-page document, accompanied by an action plan consisting of 17 key initiatives, aims to strengthen cooperation in various sectors, including defense, economic policy, and the management of irregular migration. Chancellor Merz emphasized the importance of this agreement, stating that it was overdue and highlights numerous areas where the two nations can collaborate more closely than ever before.

The agreement encompasses several pivotal aspects:

Mobility Enhancements: Visa Waivers and New Rail Links

One of the standout features of the agreement is the introduction of visa-free travel for German student groups visiting the UK, set to take effect by the end of the year. This initiative aims to address challenges faced by students without German passports, such as those from Syria or Afghanistan, who often encounter difficulties in obtaining UK visas. Consequently, some schools have opted out of exchanges due to these complications.

Moreover, a task force will be established to explore solutions for additional mobility issues arising from Brexit, particularly in education, science, culture, and political organizations. In an ambitious plan, a direct rail service from Germany to the UK is expected to be operational within a decade, significantly simplifying travel between the two countries.

Strengthening Defense Cooperation

The agreement reinforces the existing military obligations under NATO, particularly regarding mutual defense in the event of an attack, which is crucial given the UK's status as a nuclear power. Within the next ten years, both nations aim to develop a European weapon system capable of striking targets up to 2,000 kilometers away, a significant advancement in military capabilities that responds to existing threats.

Additionally, the agreement facilitates the export of jointly produced military equipment, addressing previous restrictions that often hindered German exports due to strict regulations.

Addressing Migration Challenges

To combat irregular migration, the agreement includes a dedicated action plan aimed at tackling human trafficking and smuggling. This initiative will enhance collaboration through mutual legal assistance, improved tracking of offenders, and more effective border controls. The UK government faces domestic pressure to reduce the increasing number of migrants crossing the English Channel, with over 20,000 reported in 2025 alone.

Germany has been identified as a critical transit country for migrants, and both nations are committed to intensifying efforts against cross-border crime, focusing particularly on money laundering and illegal drug trafficking.

This friendship agreement marks a pivotal moment in the relationship between Germany and the UK, as both countries seek to adapt to shifts in the geopolitical landscape while ensuring the safety, prosperity, and sustainability of their societies.