Elevated Sodium Levels Linked to Heart Disease Risks

Recent research conducted by Bar-Ilan University has established a correlation between higher sodium levels, even within the normal range, and an increased risk of developing heart-related conditions such as hypertension and heart failure. This study analyzed extensive electronic health records spanning two decades, involving over 407,000 healthy adults associated with Leumit Healthcare Services, a prominent health provider in Israel.

The findings, published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, indicate that sodium levels measuring between 140 and 142 mmol/L correlate with a 13% increase in hypertension risk. Furthermore, sodium levels exceeding 143 mmol/L are associated with a 29% higher risk of hypertension and a 20% heightened risk of heart failure. Alarmingly, nearly 60% of the adult population examined exhibited sodium levels within these concerning thresholds.

Sodium is typically assessed in routine blood tests, with a normal range established between 135 and 146 mmol/L. However, this study challenges that perspective, proposing a significant long-term link between elevated sodium levels and cardiovascular health issues, even in individuals deemed healthy. The study's authors accounted for various factors, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, smoking habits, and potassium levels, to provide a clearer view of hydration-related risks. Individuals with conditions affecting water balance were excluded from this analysis to ensure accuracy.

Lead researcher Prof. Jonathan Rabinowitz emphasized the importance of hydration in preventing chronic diseases, suggesting that routine blood tests could identify individuals who would benefit from simple lifestyle modifications, such as increasing water intake to lower sodium levels. The study advocates for greater awareness of hydration's role in reducing the risk of severe conditions like hypertension and heart failure.

As populations age and the prevalence of chronic diseases escalates, these findings may influence future clinical practices, including preventive screenings and public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy hydration habits.